Classroom Management A Special Education Resource Room...

Classroom Management Philosophy Classroom management has a lot of the same characteristics of a general education classroom as it does a special education resource room class. In a special education resource classroom it is important to maintain general classroom management techniques like a welcoming safe environment, seating charts, attention getters, routines and procedures. However, it can be just as important to have a well organized classroom, seamless transitions, tight routine schedules and built in procedures for behaviors that can quickly escalate. It is important that the day runs as smoothly as possible in order for the students to achieve remarkable progress in reaching their goals. In my classroom creating a welcoming†¦show more content†¦Routines and procedures for turning in homework, bathroom breaks, lockers, getting their attention with attention getters, what to do when they finish their work early are just a few that will need to be in place. The mor e structure that can be clearly outlined and practiced the more functional a classroom will become. Being a classroom that potentially will have students with autism, attention deficit disorder and other disabilities these routines and procedures can be a make or break on how well these students function in the classroom. For a classroom that has students with many differences of skills and abilities, it is also important to consider organization to be a regular part of classroom management that needs to be addressed daily. These students will most likely be distracted easily or could have some severe behavioral issues if organization is not addressed. Keeping the classroom visual and tactile to a minimum will help these students be better students! It would create a classroom that would be less distracting for them allowing them to function better. Being organized should also include daily schedules that are consistent and part of the routine for the day. Schedules should b e displayed and gone over everyday to keep things from being a surprise for students. The more the schedule can remain the same the less behavioral problems will be displayed in the classroom. A classroom will also see less behavior problems if theyShow MoreRelatedEducational Achievement Of Students With Disabilities878 Words   |  4 Pagesacceptance of it, the teacher, how the class operates, the amount of disabled verses nondisabled students, and so many other things. 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As a teacher I will have many students in my classroom, and my students will not allRead MoreClassroom Management and Pull-out Services: Research questions and Personal View on the Research Topic1706 Words   |  7 PagesSupporting Resources Through my research, I created fifteen interview questions related to my topic of choice. Each of my research articles directly address my topic for this project, however some are specifically related to a particular aspect of my topic. 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The teacher usually has either a desk top or lap top computer, sometimes both, for keeping track of important information. Technology has, in many ways, positively impacted the educational field. Michigan has made using technology a necessity. With help from the Freedom to Learn Program, improvements in classroom technology,Read MoreEffectiveness Of Current Behavior System1431 Words   |  6 Pagesgreatest strengths of this classroom, as indicated by the self-assessment, is the clear and consistent routines. This category received an overall average rating of 85%, with no single criteria falling under an 80% rating. Consistent routines can help prevent management problems because the activities run smoothly and efficiently and students are familiar with the expectations associated with each routine activity (Scheuermann Hall, 2016). 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A Civil Action - Movie free essay sample

The Marxist approach can best explain the process and outcome of the case in A Civil Action. Section 1: Karl Marx sided with three principles regarding law and how it relates to the upper and lower classes in society. They are: law is a product of evolving economic forces; law is a tool used by the ruling class to maintain its power over the lower class and the means of production are owned by the ruling class. Marx believed that law is a structure of power. In this case the victims of families were the working class and the powerful corporations such as Beatrice Foods and W. R. Grace and Company are the ruling class. These two companies own their means of production meaning they do not need resources from others in order to keep their businesses running smoothly. Facher and Cheeseman, the defendants of the case, knew that the opposing side was not set financially. This gave them the opportunity to draw out the case as long as possible while Schlichtmann’s firm would be struggling to get by financially day by day. Not only to the defendants control the means of production but also they had professionals to clean up the â€Å"dirty† work that could possibly cause harm to others. This way it is even more difficult to find flaws in the company and reveal their mistakes. However this case does relate to a Marxist approach when dealing with the conflict theory. Marx believed that the bourgeoisie would always rule over the proletariat unless the members of proletariat would rise up and rebel against the ruling class. The case from this movie relates to Marx’s conflict theory because it shows what the working class had to rebel against. At first Anne Anderson and other affected families did not agree that $8 million was enough in the settlement. The bourgeoisie in A Civil Action committed crimes of dumping toxic waste and illegally withholding information. All of the complaining by families about the settlement not being enough forced Jan Schlichtmann to go back to the â€Å"board† and find more information on the case. Eventually Schlichtmann found enough information to find that the defendant’s were guilty, but it was financially hard for him to start an appeals case with no other lawyers on his side. His lawyers within the firm left after they decided the firm was not working collectively as a team. This case relates to Marx’s theory because the working class families in the movie eventually get a settlement that they deserve after the losses that occurred to them. The two huge corporations admitted that they had done wrong and also provided funds in hopes of the situation not happening again. Section 2: The research for this lawsuit begins when Anne Anderson’s son dies of leukemia. She believes that there are a number of harmful toxins that are dumped into the river that is connected to the city’s drinking water located in Woburn, Massachusetts. Between 15 years after the first incident, 12 children around the city of Woburn die from the effects of leukemia. Other families agreed with Anne Anderson that their children contracted leukemia from drinking the city’s water through the tap available in homes. Anne Anderson gets all of the families’ children who die from leukemia to group together and get Jan Schlichtmann to represent them as their lawyer. When Anne Anderson and other affected families presented their situation to Schlichtmann, they said they would be content with an apology from the responsible party. Schlichtmann knows that him and his small firm, Schlichtmann Conway Crowley, need lots of money in order to get an apology from whoever was responsible for contaminating the city’s water. Despite the need for more money in a large case like this, Jan Schlichtmann and his firm stop working on all cases except the Anne Anderson at el. , case. His firm began to have no other income for the expenses of the case. In this situation, Schlichtmann’s firm decides to pursue Beatrice Foods and the W. R. Grace and Company for the losses of children these families had to deal with. Originally when this case was presented to the major firms in the area, no one wanted accept the case. It was unwanted, so it became known as orphan case because it was believed that there would be no financial gain from the case. Similar to an orphan waiting to be brought into a home, there were many victims waiting to be brought justice by a lawyer. With this case being a civil case and a personal injury lawyer on the plaintiff’s side, there was room for questions about why Jan Schlichtmann wanted to take this case. Many personal injury lawyers are viewed in the public as bottom feeders or vultures that prey on the misfortunes of others. For example, in the beginning of the film there is a scene where Schlichtmann sees a man holding his head after a car accident. The lawyer from Cornell (Schlichtmann) instantly gives the man in pain his business and tells him to call him (for financially pursuing the person who inflicted the pain). The case involving Anne Anderson and other families who had children that died from leukemia because of the water’s city was the least concerns of any law firms. This was due to the fact that representing dead children in court will provide the least amount of financial gain. The perfect victim for a civil attorney is a â€Å"white male professional struck down at the height of his career†. A dead person is less valuable compared to a severely maimed person. A middle aged man is more valuable compared to someone that is in their mid 20’s. A woman is less valuable that a man; A single person is less valuable than a married one. A rich person is more valuable than a poor person, while being a black victim is less valuable than being white victim. Civil court is where the money lies within the justice system. Civil actions cases are worth more than criminal cases. 5% of all cases are civil cases with criminal cases being the lowest percentage of any case to occur. Many firms were afraid to go after the big corporations on the opposition but not Schlichtmann. Jan Schlichtmann, Kevin Conway and Bill Crowley represent the plaintiffs. A financial advisor in the firm also accompanies them. The main two lawyers that represent the defendants are Jerom e Facher (Beatrice Foods) and Will Cheeseman (W. R. Grace and Company). The defendants had millions of dollars to use for the case while Schlichtmann’s firm had a hard ime paying for an type of evidence that was found using their resources. The lawyers solely handled the case and a jury decided the outcomes. Lawyers decide how to approach cases and arguments rather than the victims choose what points to argue and what not to argue. If a settlement occurs or is close to occurring lawyers have the decision to claim the price they want or continue to negotiate. Each lawyer has intimate relationships within the system. There are a few more people involved with the case such as the Judge Walker Skinner, prosecutors, police and jurors. Upon examination of the Schlichtmann firm it seems as if the three lawyers and the financial advisor operate as a unit because of the similarities of being lawyers and dealing with the same issues in their firm. But if a person were to examine how effectively the group acts on a constant basis, things are not as easy as it seems. When it came time to settle the Schlichtmann firm was given two opportunities. The first meeting for a settlement Jan Schlichtmann asked for $320 million in order to pay themselves, the families’ suffering and a create a clean up project. Jan’s firm partners looked shocked when he started going over $25 million. The defendants instantly deny the settlement offer and have their minds set on getting the case tried in a courtroom. By the end of the case the highest settlement offer Schlichtmann’s firm offered was a settlement of $8 million. At first Jan did not want to settle at $8 million even though the financial advisor said $8 million would get everyone financially stable again. Everyone except for Jan did not want to take the $8 million for a settlement. About a week later they end up accepting the settlement due to the fact that the Schlichtmann firm was so broke that they were close to filing bankruptcy. These two miscommunications about settlements shows that the firm is not as perfect as it seems. If the lawyers within the firm cannot discuss and come to agreements with lawyers in the firm, they are not working as a cohesive group. These lawyers that are in Schlichtmann’s firm act as friends but only because they have to in order to achieve a common goal; win the case to make money. The social status of these players places them at the top of the list because they are white middle age males with important professions, being lawyers. As the movie goes on, there is a trend that the lawyers do not go home even to sleep or eat. Most of the time, they are in the work place and work in a sense becomes the home facility. In the community all those who know and understand the importance of being a lawyer respect these lawyers. The people in Schlichtmann’s firm are all integrated into the community in two ways. The first way is because they are a firm that files civil suits, giving them the option to help people in the community. The second way they are integrated in the community is through the status of the firm. Schlichtmann Co is a small firm that limits their options when it comes down to what case they are going to stick with. The firm does not have many resources so it does not look to represent national corporations in lawsuits but rather individuals or small families within Massachusetts who need some financial aid. In order to become a successful lawyer the saying goes â€Å"it’s not what you know, its who you know†. The better networking a lawyer has, it makes it easier for them to obtain resources to further a case. In the justice system, there are many people who have Ivy League law degrees giving lawyers a chance to connect with the judges. Since many judges were former prosecutors, they may have a connection to lawyers that approach their stand and may tend to agree with their statements. For example, the networking obtained from having an Ivy League degree can boost the chances of that person winning a case. People that graduate with a professional degree from an Ivy League school are sought after in the real world. There are constant email blasts from Ivy League graduates to fellow graduates about job offerings or help offered within the community of the graduate pool. In A Civil Action, there is a scene where Jan Schlichtmann gets invited to the Harvard Club (of Law) in New York by one of the Grace executives named Al Eustis. Al Eustis is a Harvard graduate and assumes that Schlichtmann is a Harvard graduate as well because he received information from a friend stating that. When Schlichtmann arrives to the Harvard Club he makes it clear that he is not to be confused with a Harvard graduate because he received his law degree from Cornell University. After hearing this information, Al Eustis’s whole body language changed and Jan went from being the Harvard friend to the Cornell enemy. Eustis almost tries to deny Schlichtmann and does not hear what he has to say simply because he went to a rival school, Cornell3. Eustis refuses to settle at anything over $8 million because he feels that the company would be coming off as guilty by settling a case with anything over that price. If Schlichtmann had been in the same situation but been a Harvard graduate the settlement probably would have gone up and Eustis would have been more friendly and open to hearing any information. The relationship between the plaintiff’s lawyers and defendant’s lawyers is a complicated one. â€Å"Keep your friends close, and your enemies closer†. This is how lawyers feel when dealing with the opposing side (enemy). Each lawyer from the case knows the same amount of background information but each player also has information that they do not want the opposing side to know about. Lawyers approach a lawsuit as if it is war. First, there is a declaration of â€Å"war† meaning the plaintiff provides details on why they are suing the defendant. Then there is a battle. Players that are dealing with the case risk a lot financially and emotionally but the chances of winning give the lawyers a reason to stay involved with the case. It is all a game and the winner takes all.

People, Organization and Risk

Music and the Informational Age of Influence essays

Music and the Informational Age of Influence essays As we enter a new millennia, so will our music. The entire field of music has experienced dramatic changes due to the post-industrial/informational age. This paper will focus primarily on the expansion of musical research and the development of new tools to aid in learning. The overall reaction details innovations that enhance and expand the depths of music. In the 1970s, the US government underwent a secret project making an underground port of communication. This project created what we now know as the Internet. The term Internet is often used to describe this enormous international network of computers. The word "internet" literally means, "network of networks". In itself, the Internet is comprised of thousands of smaller regional networks scattered throughout the globe. On any given day, it connects roughly 25 million users in over 50 countries. One major importance is that The World Wide Web is accessed through the Internet. The term Internet and World Wide Web are not synonymous, in fact confusing as they might seem, they both have different meanings. The Web refers to a body of information- an abstract space of knowledge, whereas the Internet is the actual hardware- the physical components which consist of giant masses of cables, satellites, and computers. Recent technological advances such as T3 lines, fiber optics, ground cable s, and satellites have increased the transfer of information by 347 times. The most common access to the Internet and the World Wide Web is through an Internet Service Provider (ISP). There are both local and national ISP's. The only basic requirements to access ISP's are a computer, modem, and a telephone. Just by clicking a mouse, one can discover a mass amount of treasure from sources like libraries, databases, web sites, and other people. New technology allows musicians to work time efficiently. For example, I was given an assignment where I had to translate and listen to recordings of three Ge...

Quantitative Analysis of a Glucose Solution Essay

Quantitative Analysis of a Glucose Solution - Essay Example The coordinates (0.318, 0.2), (0.519, 0.4), and (0.755, 0.6) are plotted on a graph. The line of best fit cuts the absorbance of 0.250 at a point y. The y-reading of the point y gives the concentration of unknown solution. A line of best fit gives y=0.14. Thus the unknown concentration = 0.14mM. A straight line of best fit of the plotted points gives the standard curve upon which concentration of the substance in the solution is determined. The Blank cuvette is a tiny test tube with a diameter of about 12mm and length of 100mm that holds solutions containing all experimental constituents except the substance under investigation. In this case, the Blank cuvette contains all the other components other than the substance with absorbance of 0.250. The Blank is a cocktail containing specific concentrations of buffer, ABTS/HRP stock and glucose oxidese stock (Bongler, 2012) Quantitative test of glucose is useful in monitoring level of diabetes. Glucose is a major energy source for most body cells. Diabetes is manifested by hyperglycemia. Through quantitative test of glucose in the blood, health practitioners are able to determine the extent of inability of one’s body to produce insulin. Thus, quantitative tests of glucose helps nullify the chances of further diabetic complications. In constructing the standard curve, the line of best fit is used because it reflects the substance concentration-absorbance mean. It conveys the coordinates of the variables that best provide the approximate concentration of the substance under study. In the experiment, a point (0.250, y) gives the solution of concentration of glucose, where y=unknown glucose concentration. If the unknown sample had a reading that was too high and went off the scale despite doing all the measurements and procedure correctly, it is imperative to consider the count of readings that have gone off-scale. If the number of unreasonable readings is few, the investigator assumes them in

Linguistics Examine the idea that adult second langauage learners of Research Paper

Linguistics Examine the idea that adult second langauage learners of English are capable of retaining the collocations to whi - Research Paper Example TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦4 Thesis Statement†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4 Methodology†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...4 Preliminary Results and Discussion†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....5 Study Implications†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦7 Work Plan†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦7 References†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦9 INTRODUCTION Formulaic language has been playing a key role in second language teaching. A beginning learner utilizes more idiomatic English expressions focused on daily communication templates. Alison Wray’s (2002) definition of a formulaic sequence of words has been the most popular one: â€Å"Formulaic Sequence is a sequence, continuous or discontinuous, of words or other elements which is, or appears to be, prefabricated: that is stored and retrieved whole from memory at the time of use, rather than being subject to generation or analysis by the language grammar" (Wray, 2002, p. 9). Wray claims that the adult learner primarily is more focused on individual words and is concentrated on a non-formulaic approach to language learning (Lewis, 2000a; b). This thesis is devoted to identification of an ability of adult language learners to retain information about what words appear together in their input of adj+noun pairs, verb+noun pairs, and or noun+noun pairs. It is supposed that any drawbacks in non-natives’ knowledge of collocation associations between words is caused by an inadequate input. THESIS STATEMENT The fluency-oriented repetition of individual sentence contexts has an impact on collocation learning for L2 learners, and thus participants will primarily notice and remember c hunks of words in their input through an organized testing process using the adj-noun, verb-noun, and noun-noun pairs placed in a sentence. METHODOLGY A general selection criterion was a key trigger for my further research. Theoretical background is based on relevant academic articles, academic texts, and books. The participants were asked to undergo a short training session in which they were exposed to a number of target adjective-noun, verb-noun, and noun-noun combinations embedded in sentences called a â€Å"naming phase.† Sentences were presented to participants on a computer screen in a random order. The participants were asked to say the noun aloud if they recognized it. The respondents are Spanish speaking Americans. All the participants are enrolled in one or two of the ESL programs for a L2 learner of English within their city’s community base. They are all lower level income participants, with lower level educational backgrounds. PRELIMINARY RESULTS AND DISC USSION Of the adjective+noun, verb+ noun, and noun+noun word pairs, the nouns were recognized more reliably when they followed the verb with which it was paired. These collocations were easily

The Search for Spiritual Identity in Adolescents Essay Example for Free

The Search for Spiritual Identity in Adolescents Essay It’s a puzzle with us trying to find the right fit, size and shape where the pieces will fit to make us whole. So we begin by growing, and developing, and learning and moving, and thinking and tasting, and touching and testing, and hugging and loving! We go through different stages of growth and growing, and learning and maturing and changing and aging and ultimately death. This writer believes we are searching for our spiritual identity. The NIV Bible says that the Lord God formed man from the dust of the ground and breathed into his nostrils the breath of life, and man became a living being. Man’s spiritual identity comes from God! Jesus was about twelve years old according to the NIV Bible when he began his quest for spiritual identity. Luke 2:49 reads: Why were you searching for me? he asked. Didnt you know I had to be in my Fathers house? After a female egg becomes fertilized by a male sperm it becomes a zygote. This living organism is a product of each parent’s chromosomes. This zygote begins a two week period of rapid cell division which eventually becomes an embryo. Eventually, this embryo will become a living being which was produced and created by its two parents. This child’s physical identity comes from his parents! I use the term parent’s very loosely because I am aware that his identity comes from his bloodline or his genes. I am making a point. By far the most provocative theory of identity development is Erik Erikson’s. It was Erikson who first understood how central questions about identity are to understanding adolescent development. Erikson’s fifth developmental stage (identity versus identity confusion) says during this time adolescents (between the ages of eleven to young adult hood) are faced with who they are, what they are all about and where they are going. Erikson framed the best of maturity in the ego identity of what he called the moral-ethical, spiritual human. This human is one with a horizontal, earthly identity and a vertical, transcendent identity, meaning an identity both religious and spiritual that embraces non-physical manifestation. As adolescents search for their spiritual identity researchers have found that various aspects of religion are linked to positive outcomes in adolescents. Religion has been proven to play a role in adolescent’s health and whether or not they engage in problem behaviors (Cotton amp; others, 2006). For example, in a recent national random sample of 2000 11-18 year olds, those who were higher in religiosity were less likely to smoke, drink alcohol, use marijuana, not be truant in school, not engage in delinquent behavior and not be depressed as compared to their counterparts with lower religiosity (Sinha, Cnaan, amp; Gelles, 2006). The initiator of the Baha†i movement, Baha†Ã¢â‚¬ u â€Å"llah in 1863 believed that there were seven mystical stages to human development and he believed as does most Muslims today that human development is closely linked to religious development. He referred to those stages as â€Å"The Seven Valleys and the Four Valleys†. They are: * The Valley of Search * The Valley of Love * The Valley of Knowledge * The Valley of Unity * The Valley of Contentment * The Valley of Wonderment * The Valley of the True Poverty and Absolute Nothingness He believed that one has not truly developed unless he has entered in or experienced each of hese stages. During my years of adolescence I was considered somewhat of a spoiled child. My mother sent me to a modeling school to become a trained runway model. By the time I was 13 I have performed in more than 100 different fashion shows in and around Michigan, Illinois and New York. Needless to say my environment consisted of my peers b eing much older than myself. I was constantly traveling and partying and dating older men. When I would return home I would become angry with my mother because she forced me to attend church. Church was always the center of our home. My mother was the secretary at our church for over forty years so we were always there. It seemed as if we were preparing our clothes for church 7 days in advance. So I ravished the opportunity to be out of town or on a modeling assignment on Sundays. When were taught to pray daily, morning, noon and night. My mother always told us the story of Daniel in the bible who prayed three times a day every day. And that is what she expected of us. I was a typical teenager who thought it was a waste of time. By the time I was 16 years old I became pregnant. My worst nightmare had come true. I remember my mother telling us that we should always pray. I began to pray daily asking God to show me how to tell my mother that I had ruined my life. I can almost remember the calm that would come over me whenever I was in prayer. Soon I realized that if God could listen to me and love me and allow that peace to come over me that there really was a God, an everlasting father and a true friend. I got the courage to talk to my mother and tell her how sorry I was and confess to God about the things that I had done knowing that they were not His will. This was the beginning of my transformation. My search had just begun. This began to give me answers to all of my seeking and questioning of myself, my world, my purpose. This bought purpose and stability into my life. Today I can say that I am a Minister of the Gospel and I do not believe I would be where I am not had not I gone through the experience of searching, seeking and finding during my adolescent and young adult years. This is just my story, no theory, just the facts. As man seeks and searches for his spiritual identity his mortality also surfaces. The NIV Bible allows us a peek into ourselves in I Corinthians 13:12, for now we see only a reflection as in a mirror; then we shall see face to face. Now I know in part; then I shall know fully, even as I am fully. As we are seeking to understand adolescent behavior we must remember that they are seeking and searching for who they are and whose they are. During this search they shall encounter experiences that they may not understand, they may even become people that you don’t understand, but with patience, love, guidance, education and prayer you can help them become the person they are looking for and want to become. Sometimes we as parents forget that our children not only need to be educated in the ways of the world and how to become successful healthy, productive adults but they also need to be taught about their spirit man. That part of them they cannot see but they can project in their life style. The part of them that no one else can even know or understand. The loving giving life that was breathed into them by the lover of their soul. The concept of a higher being. The ability to know and to understand that they have to answer to someone greater than themselves. The knowledge of understanding that life does not just revolve around them. This seeking and searching has a beginning but should never have an end. James Fowler believed that one had to go through 6 stages of Faith in order to find their own spiritual identity. | Stage| Description| Simplified version by M. Scott Peck| Stage 1| Intuitive-Projective| This is the stage of preschool children in which fantasy and reality often get mixed together. However, during this stage, our most basic ideas about God are usually picked up from our parents and/or society. | I. Chaotic-Antisocial| People stuck at this stage are usually self-centered and often find themselves in trouble due to their unprincipled living. If they do end up converting to the next stage, it often occurs in a very dramatic way. | Stage 2| Mythic-Literal| When children become school-age, they start understanding the world in more logical ways. They generally accept the stories told to them by their faith community but tend to understand them in very literal ways. [A few people remain in this stage through adulthood. ]| | | Stage 3| Synthetic-Conventional| Most people move on to this stage as teenagers. At this point, their life has grown to include several different social circles and there is a need to pull it all together. When this happens, a person usually adopts some sort of all-encompassing belief system. However, at this stage, people tend to have a hard time seeing outside their box and dont recognize that they are inside a belief system. At this stage, authority is usually placed in individuals or groups that represent ones beliefs. [This is the stage in which many people remain. ]| II. Formal-Institutional| At this stage people rely on some sort of institution (such as a church) to give them stability. They become attached to the forms of their religion and get extremely upset when these are called into question. Stage 4| Individuative-Reflective| This is the tough stage, often begun in young adulthood, when people start seeing outside the box and realizing that there are other boxes. They begin to critically examine their beliefs on their own and often become disillusioned with their former faith. Ironically, the Stage 3 people usually think that Stage 4 people have become backsliders when in reality they have actually moved forward. | III. Skeptic-Individual| Those who break out of the previous stage usually do so when they start seriously questioning things on their own. A lot of the time, this stage ends up being very non-religious and some people stay in it permanently| Stage 5| Conjunctive Faith| It is rare for people to reach this stage before mid-life. This is the point when people begin to realize the limits of logic and start to accept the paradoxes in life. They begin to see life as a mystery and often return to sacred stories and symbols but this time without being stuck in a theological box. | IV. Mystical-Communal| People who reach this stage start to realize that there is truth to be found in both the previous two stages and that life can be paradoxical and full of mystery.